Rail Communications (RT)

Rail Communications (RT)

INTRODUCTION

Interoperability of railways is a crucial mission for the further improvement of European infrastructure. Harmonization of telecommunications in railway operation, with the purpose of complete interoperability, is a key detail, and a harmonized interoperable device in Europe is predicted to open the way to global harmonization.  

The European government has decided on GSM-R as the radio transmission generation. This is defined inside the technical specification for interoperability (TSI) relating to the control-command and signaling subsystems of the trans-European rail gadget, with standardization being a key to reaching a harmonized solution.

GSM-R is a part of the ETSI/3GPP GSM specs, and programs have specific Quality of Service requirements for a harmonized railway operation. In addition, it operates inside the ER-GSM band.

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European railways

Within Europe, GSM-R is now being mixed with the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) to shape the premise for an Intelligent Transport System as a way to deliver railways the approach to improve the performance of rail operations and provide new offerings to customers.

ERTMS, the European Rail Traffic Management System, is the brand new rail management system that mixes the European Train Control System (ETCS) with GSM-R. As a completely unique European teach control machine, ERTMS is designed to regularly update the present incompatible structures all through Europe. This will carry good-sized advantages to the railway area because it will raise worldwide freight and passenger delivery. Moreover, ERTMS is arguably the most performant educate control system inside the world and brings large blessings in terms of preservation expenses savings, protection, reliability, punctuality, and traffic capability.

Beyond Europe

The GSM-R system continues to spread to even wider geographical areas. Beyond all European international locations, it changed into adopted, among different locations, in Saudi Arabia and Israel in the Middle East. In the Far East, it has extended into India, China, and Australia, where networks are carried out. This is likewise the case for South Africa in addition to all North Africa international locations. By the quit, fifty-six international locations in 5 continents decided on GSM-R for his or her Rail operation.

Beyond GSM-R: the Future Rail Mobile Communication System (FRMCS)

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The GSM-R Industry Group has indicated that the guide of GSM-R products and services are guaranteed at least till 2030. Based upon this information, the railway zone needed to mitigate the chance of non-availability of GSM-R as a radio gadget for education operation after this date.

Replacement of GSM-R gadget (on-board and trackside) through a new device providing capacity new offerings (which can't be supplied by GPRS) even as keeping interoperability must be taken into consideration in a global timeline. For this cause, the evolution of the GSM-R is presently under discussion, and the UIC (International Union of Railways), in cooperation with the European Union Agency for Railways, commenced discussions at the Future Rail Mobile Communication System (FRMCS).

ETSI’s Technical Committee for Rail Telecommunications (TC RT), domestic of the GSM-R standard, commenced to paintings on the Next Generation Radio for Rail while 3GPP, which develops the standards for mobile communications systems, has created a study item on Future Railway Mobile Communication System. Beyond the generation (or technologies) of desire, one of the fundamental demanding situations within the destiny radio conversation system for the railway is the spectrum, and there is currently plenty of discussion in this regard. Apart from the spectrum availability at European degree, the very last preference is possible to be closely conditioned by means of the desired additional investment in terms of the latest radio sites with recognition to the mounting base of GSM-R radio sites whose rollout in Europe remains ongoing.

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OUR ROLE & ACTIVITIES

The standardization paintings are carried out through a committed ETSI Technical Committee (TC), Rail Telecommunications (RT).

GSM-R

ETSI's standardization sports for GSM-R inside TC RT makes a specialty of the software of GSMTM for railway telecommunications. This consists of numbering and addressing, configuration, and system components in addition to any additional capabilities and services sought by the railways together with the use of GPRS/EGPRS for ETCS operation and IP-based totally protocol together with SIP. It does not include the specification of the GSM technology itself (that is the challenge of the third Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP). TC RT is the premise for the concept of revision had to perform the rail system at the same time as making sure entire interoperability.

Future Rail Mobile Communication System (FRMCS)

TC RT is studying the subsequent generation stop-to-quit machine architecture for rail transportation, helping more than one get the right of entry to technology. At the equal time, TC RT continues to work closely with the International Union of Railways (UIC) on use cases and user requirements for FRMCS and is heavily worried about the standardization method for Mission Critical Communications within 3GPP for the normative specs improvement related to FRMCS. Ongoing challenges on these paintings consist of positioning factors, teach accelerate to 500km/h, and the integration of rail frequency spectra for using 3GPP radio technologies with a major recognition on 5G New Radio (NR). TC RT is likewise deeply involved in spectrum troubles associated with FRMCS and radio overall performance simulations in 900 MHz FDD and 1 900 MHz TDD spectrum for each LTE and 5G New Radio (NR). TC RT has finalized critical paintings on FRMCS practical and device architecture (TR 103 459), a good way to deliver communique services to rail applications taking into account the need for a bendy radio bearer. FRMCS normative paintings have just started out and consist of, among other matters, the FRMCS System Architecture (TS 103 764), as well as FRMCS, constructing blocks and capabilities (TS 103 765). The first set of FRMCS Technical Specifications is expected to be finalized by way of the cease of 2022.